One should be able to purchase ammunition only for guns which are registered in their name. Anyone that has a legal weapon could continue to buy all the ammunition they want, but just for that weapon.
If at the same time we also make ammunition more expensive, then we might reduce gun deaths by making it more difficult for those with illegal weapons to procure bullets for them.
Why is this important?
There are over 300 million guns in the USA. Any sort of future assault weapons ban will be essentially fruitless, given what is already out there.
On the other hand, it might be possible to make bullets more difficult to obtain.